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INTERNATIONAL
LEAGUE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
BELARUS
UPDATE
Edited by Victor Cole
Vol.
4, No. 26
June 2001
IN
THIS ISSUE:
-
U.S. Urges Belarusian Authorities to End Self-Isolation
- Lukashenko Continues "Non-Traditional" Election
Campaign
- Authorities Form Election Commisions
- Regime to Falsify Results of Presidential Vote
- International Observers Required to Apply for Accreditation
- Candidates Ordered to Submit Income Statements
- Russian Communists to Support Lukashenko in Presidential
Elections
- Case of Disappeared Journalist to Go on Trial
- Regime Steps up Campaign of Harassment Against Independent
Media
- Russian Patriarch Joins Lukashenko Urging Slavs' Spiritual
Renewal
-PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS NEWS-
U.S.
URGES BELARUSIAN AUTHORITIES TO END SELF-ISOLATION
On
June 21, David T. Johnson, U.S. Ambassador to the OSCE,
commended Mircea Dan Geoana, OSCE chair-in-office and
Romanian Foreign Minister, for his work to achieve peaceful
inter-ethnic dialogue in Macedonia and for his support
of the OSCE AMG in Belarus, which will contribute to
the country's domestic election observation network.
Following are excerpts from his statement delivered
to the OSCE Permanent Council in Vienna regarding Belarus:
"With
regard to Belarus, we commend the Chair for its strong
support of the Advisory and Monitoring Group (AMG) in
Belarus under the strong leadership of Amb. Wieck."
"Presidential
elections represent an opportunity for Belarus to end
its self-isolation, but this can happen only if Belarus
seizes the opportunity by taking concrete steps now
to create conditions for free and fair elections. We
urge the Chair to focus on the importance of respect
for human rights to the conduct of free and fair elections.
Recent allegations from former official investigators
about the authorities' complicity in disappearances,
including physical elimination of regime opponents,
inspire real fear in Belarusian citizens."
"If
Belarusian authorities are serious about creating a
climate of peace they need to investigate expeditiously
and thoroughly, whithout dening capriciously, these
serious charges. They also need to ensure opposition
members enjoy the right to assembly and access to the
state media."
"Recent
reports that the Belarusian authorities have refused
to register any of the 600 representatives of opposition
parties who applied to be members of election commissions
call into question the authorities' commitment to a
fair election."
"We
strongly urge the Belarusian authorities to guarantee
the impartiality of the commissions by ensuring that
democratic parties and NGOs are represented meaningfully."
"We
commend the Chair for its support of the AMG role in
contributing to a domestic election observation network.
We believe this work is essential and deserves the support
of the Belarusian Government. Similarly, ODIHR can provide
critical assistance in helping the government establish
a democratic election code. We urge Belarus to invite
ODIHR now to observe these elections so appropriate
preparations can begin immediately." (USIA, June
21)
LUKASHENKO
CONTINUES "NON-TRADITIONAL" ELECTION CAMPAIGN
On
June 22, during a reception held for a group of Belarusian
and Russian journalists, Alexander Lukashenko said that
he has nothing to hide and offered to order exhumations
at the Northern Cemetery in Minsk, where Dmitry Petrushkevich
and Oleg Sluchek, two investigators who publicly accused
the Lukashenko regime of forming a death squad to murder
its political opponents, said the victims were buried
after being abducted and killed. "We are not concealing
anything and are ready to conduct an exhumation,"
the Belarusian said, adding that he wants to do whatever
possible to find the missing people. Lukashenko called
an outright fabrication all allegations of his involvement
in political disappearances, adding that he did expect
them in the election year. The Belarusian leader seemed
puzzled why the opposition considers Zavadsky dead and
wondered what his political opponents will say if some
of the vanished opposition leaders will reappeared ahead
of the presidential elections.
The
Belarusian strong man said that he is perfectly aware
that the opposition presidential candidates have been
paid for their election campaign handsomely and that
money are supplied by the OSCE and "some embassy."
He expressed confidence that the opposition would not
manage to agree on a single candidate. "The single
candidate is a bluff," Lukashenko said. "What
could Masherova, Kalyakin, Domash, Paznyak, Goncharik,
and Chigir possibly have in common?"
The
Belarusian strongman seemed particularly unhappy with
Natalya Masherova's and Mikhail Marinich's intention
to challenge him in this fall elections. He accused
Masherova of being ungrateful and defined her decision
to run for presidency as a "stab in the back."
According to Lukashenko, he helped Masherova, the daughter
of Peter Masherov, a popular Communist Party boss who
was killed in a traffic accident, to become a member
of the Belarusian parliament and supported her family
since 1994. He said that her participation in the election
campaign "plays into the hand of this mindless
pro-Western opposition" and that he is personally
offended. On June 29, the rumors predicting Masherova's
withdrawal from the presidential race started circulating
among deputies of the Lukashenko rubber-stamp parliament.
Masherova told Belapan she could "neither confirm
nor refute" the rumors, adding that "the situation
is more complicated than you think."
Commenting
on Mikhail Marinich's intention to challenge him in
the elections, Lukashenko said that the Belarusian ambassador
to Latvia, Estonia and Finland was fast to forget his
pledges of allegiance and loyalty to the current Belarusian
president. (BBC - Nasha Svaboda -Belapan, June 25-29)
AUTHORITIES
FORM ELECTION COMMISIONS
On
June 25, Lydia Yermoshina, chair of the Central Commission
for Elections and National Referenda, told journalists
that 2,179 people were selected to work in 168 territorial
election commissions during this fall presidential elections.
Six out of 18 political parties and 14 organizations
will have their representatives in the commissions,
including the Agrarian Party, the Belarusian Patriotic
Party, the pro-Lukashenko Communist Party of Belarus,
the Liberal-Democratic Party, the Republican Party of
Labor and Justice, and the Party of Communists of Belarus
in opposition to Lukashenko (one representative in Vitebsk),
the Belarusian Patriotic Youth Union, a government-subsidized
pro-Lukashenko youth organization, the Union of Veterans
of War and Labor, the Federation of Trade Unions of
Belarus and other public organizations loyal to the
regime.
Responding
to numerous requests of the political parties, public
organizations and citizens to provide their representatives
with seats in the election commissions, Yermoshina reiterated
that in accordance with Art. 24 and 34 of the Belarusian
Electoral Code, the election commissions are formed
by the local executive committees and the Central Commission
will interfere in the process only if it receives complaints
that the law has been broken during the comissions'
formation. She added that the commissions' members were
chosen by their professional qualities and previous
participation in work of the election commissions. (Belaruskaya
Delovaya Gazeta, June 26)
REGIME
TO FALSIFY RESULTS OF PRESIDENTIAL VOTE
On
June 22, "For New Belarus," a new civil-rights
movement for election of a new president, and the Five
said in a joint statement that the regime's refusal
to include the opposition representatives in the local
election commissions only proves its intention to falsify
the results of the presidential vote, as it did during
the October 2000's parliamentary elections, reported
Belapan. The potential candidates protested against
flagrant violations of the electoral law at early stages
of the presidential campaign and appealed to compatriots
to exercise their constitutional right to elect a state
leader every five years and decide their destiny by
voting for alternative candidates.
Vyacheslav
Sivchik, deputy chair of the Belarusian Popular Front
and head of the Center to Promote Opposition Representatives
to Election Commissions, sent an open letter to Lukashenko,
Prime Minister Vladimir Yermoshin, and Mikhail Myasnikovich,
head of the Lukashenko administration, condemning the
authorities for deliberate mishandling of the process
of setting up the regional, city and district election
commissions to enjoy direct control over the entire
system of the election commissions and to have a huge
advantage over other candidates.
The
Coordinating Committee on Observation of Elections,
opposition's election watchdog organization, the Belarusian
Helsinki Committee, and the Center to Promote Opposition
Representatives to Election Commissions, have adopted
a joint statement accusing the authorities of refusing
to open the territorial election commissions to representation
of all political parties and candidates, including those
in opposition, and violating the election law during
their formation, reported Belapan. Arbitrary disqualification
of the opposition representatives, lack of transparency
and fairness in formation of electoral commissions prove
that the regime is afraid to hold free and fair vote
and will employ an army of its loyal servants with tremendous
experience in the election fraud to guarantee Lukashenko's
victory.
By
failing to include the opposition representatives in
the local election commissions, the regime violated
Art. 35 of the Belarusian Electoral Code, which states
that political parties and republic associations and
their branches acting within the framework of the constitution
and laws of the Republic of Belarus have the right to
nominate their members to the election commissions,
the Assembly of Democratic NGOs said in a statement.
The Assembly expressed doubt that this fall presidential
election would be able to meet OSCE standards for a
free and democratic ballot and urged the Lukashenko
government to act in a strict compliance with the law.
(Belapan/ Belaruskaya Delovaya Gazeta/Viasna Human Rights
Center, June 25- 28)
INTERNATIONAL
OBSERVERS REQUIRED TO APPLY FOR ACCREDITATION
On
June 26, at a meeting of chairs and secretaries of the
local election commissions of Mogilev Region, Nikolai
Lozovik, secretary of the Central Commission for Elections
and National Referenda, said that a status of international
observers of the presidential elections will be given
only to the experts, who arrived to the country upon
special invitation of the Belarusian president, the
National Assembly or the Central Commission for Elections
and National Referenda and received the Commission's
accreditation. (Narodnaya Volya, June 27)
CANDIDATES
ORDERED TO SUBMIT INCOME STATEMENTS
Alexander
Lukashenko has signed a decree #20 which requires each
presidential candidate to submit to the Central Commission
for Elections and National Referenda his and his immediate
relatives' income statements and property declarations,
which the Commision then will have to publish in a nationwide
newspaper. Members of the Lukashenko administration
maintained that the decree is aimed at "ensuring
transparent, free and fair elections." The submission
of fraudulent information will result in cancelation
of registration as a presidential candidate. The Belarusian
Helsinki Committee (BHC) and For New Belarus, a new
civil-rights movement for election of a new president,
called the decree "a paradigm of arbitrariness
and lawlessness," and accused Lukashenko of abusing
his powers to gain additional advantage over other candidates.
The BHC demanded from the Belarusian leader to make
public an information about off-budgetary funds that
he established and controls. (Belapan, June 27-29)
RUSSIAN
COMMUNISTS TO SUPPORT LUKASHENKO IN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS
On
June 27, Gennady Zyuganov, leader of the Russian Communist
Party, told journalist in Moscow that his party and
its allies would support Alexander Lukashenko in the
September presidential elections in Belarus, reported
Pravda, Russian daily. The Communist leader said that
his party will send the observers and "do everything
possible to ensure that the Belarusian citizens will
have a chance to freely express their point of view,"
because "the strengthening of our union fatherland
depends on the results of these elections." Zyuganov
believes that the situation in Belarus is currently
developing according to the "Yugoslavian scenario"
and accused the OSCE of interfering in the republic's
internal affairs. He spoke in favor of the further development
of the Russia-Belarus union state and assured journalists
that "the CIS integration process will gain momentum."
On
June 25, speaking at news conference devoted to the
fifth anniversary of the Parliamentary Assembly of the
Russia-Belarus Union, Gennady Seleznev, speaker of the
Russian Duma and chair of the Assembly, also expressed
confidence in Lukashenko's resounding victory in the
presidential elections, despite his opponents' futile
attempts to discredit him. Speaking about Natalya Masherova,
Seleznev said that she may become Lukashenko's ally.
(Pravda, June 25-27)
TRADE
UNION LEADER JOINS GROUP OF FIVE DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATES
On
June 26, Alexander Yaroshuk, leader of the Trade Union
of Agro-industrial Workers and potential candidate for
the Belarusian presidency, announced his decision to
join the five opposition candidates, Mikhail Chigir,
ex-Prime Minister; Pavel Kozlovsky, former Defense Minister;
Vladimir Goncharik, chair of the Federation of Trade
Unions of Belarus (FTUB); Semyon Domash, a deputy of
the 13th Supreme Soviet [the disbanded parliament],
chair of the Grodno Initiative and the Coordination
Council of Belarusian Regions; and Sergey Kalyakin,
leader of the Party of Communists of Belarus (PCB) in
opposition to the government; who announced their intention
to unite behind the candidate with the best chances
for victory, reported Belapan. Yaroshuk believes that
only nomination of a single candidate gives the united
democratic opposition a fair chance to win the elections.
On June 27, the Five agreed that a single candidate
should be named by July 15, reported Charter 97. (Belapan,
June 27 - Charter 97, June 28)
BELARUSIAN
JOURNALIST ATTACKED IN MOSCOW
On
June 27, Igor Sinyakevich, Belarusian journalist working
for TV-6, Russia's independent television channel, was
brutally beaten and stabbed with a knife by two unidentified
individuals in Moscow. The journalist does not exclude
a possibility that his recent trip to Minsk to interview
one of the opposition presidential candidates and the
attack are linked to each other. (Radio Racyja, June
29)
MEMBER
OF PAZNYAK'S INITIATIVE GROUP BEATEN IN MINSK
On
June 26, Igor Shepelyuk, member of the initiative group
of Zyanon Paznyak, exiled leader of the Conservative
Christian Party of the Belarusian Popular Front (CCP-BPF),
was attacked on the street by six unknown men and beaten,
suffering numerous bruises. Along with the money and
activist's pager, the attackers took the signature list
and other documents related to the election campaign.
The victim called the police to report the incident,
but the law-enforcers hang up on him when they heard
he was collecting signatures in support of the opposition
candidate. Shepelyuk has filed a complaint with the
prosecutor's office. (Radio Racyja, June 29)
OPPOSITION
CANDIDATE'S SUPPORTERS REPORT ARBITRARY DETENTIONS
On
June 27, three supporters of Semyon Domash were detained
briefly in Zhodino, Minsk region. On June 29, Georgy
Bakievich, head of the Domash's initiative group in
Brest Region, reported repeated detentions of signature
collectors in his region. He told Belapan that some
group members have quit citing pressure from the authorities.
Domash's group has already collected about 70,000 signatures.
According to current legislation, candidates for presidency
can be nominated by initiative groups of at least 100
people, who until July 21 must gather at least 100,000
signatures to put their candidate on the ballot. (Radio
Racyja, June 29)
LUKASHENKO
TO RACE ELECTION RIVALS ON SKATES
The
eccentric Belarusian dictator has launched the unusual
challenge after his opponents repeatedly urged him to
undergo a medical examination, hinting that his often
outrageous statements and actions might be explained
by failing mental health. Lukashenko invited his rivals
in the presidential elections to put on roller skates
or roller skies for a chance to compete against him
in a sporting contest scheduled for July 3. "They
say that Lukashenko's health ought to be examined. Well,
let us all, all 20 presidential candidates, run in that
competition, and the people will see who is sick and
who is not," Lukashenko told reporters. On January
12, 2001, Nasha Svaboda, an independent newspaper, published
a diagnosis by psychiatrist Dmitry Schigelsky, who,
after examining Lukashenko's speeches and public behavior,
claimed he was a psychopath. The Belarusian Prosecutor
General charged the daily with slander but the charges
were later dropped. (Belapan, June 29)
MENTAL
PATIENTS SUPPORT LUKASHENKO
Radio
Racyja reported that the head of a local psychiatric
hospital in Mogilev called on his colleagues and patients
to gather signatures in support of the current Belarusian
leader. Nearly every patient at the hospital was told
to give his signature, nurses told reporters. The local
election committee found no fault with the procedure,
saying that the majority of patients are legally capable
to give their support to which ever candidate they choose.
(Radio Racyja, June 29)
EUROPEAN BANK THREATENS TO AXE AID TO BELARUS OVER POLL
On
June 26, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(EBRD) threatened to withdraw financial aid to Belarus
if the presidential poll failed to meet democratic standards.
"We are closely watching the electoral process,"
Jean Lemierre, EBRD Managing Director, told journalists
on the sidelines of a session of the Council of Europe's
Parliamentary Assembly. The bank has decided to stop
all public financing, but will continue to support private
investments, he said, adding that one of the bank's
roles was to tie "the democratic process with market
economics and economic democracy." (Interfax, June
26)
--HUMAN
RIGHTS AND OPPOSITION NEWS--
CASE
OF DISAPPEARED JOURNALIST TO GO ON TRIAL
Alexei
Taranov, head of the Prosecutor's General Office press
service, told press conference in Minsk that the investigation
into disappearance of Dmitry Zavadsky, ORT cameraman,
is completed and in the nearest future the case will
be sent to court, reported Charter 97. The Lukashenko
official failed to clarify which court will consider
Zavadsky's case. Local observers believe that the Belarusian
Supreme Court will the case behind closed doors. It
means that that the sides will not have a chance to
appeal the court's decision unless serious procedural
violations to be found. Rumor has it that Viktor Sheiman,
Prosecutor General, gathered all investigators of the
Belarusian Prosecutor's General Office who has been
working on the case and threatened to harshly punish
anyone who will dare to follow in footsteps of "traitors"
Petrushkevich and Sluchek. (Charter 97, June 29)
REGIME
STEPS UP CAMPAIGN OF HARASSMENT AGAINST INDEPENDENT
MEDIA
The
authorities continue to keep up economic pressure on
the independent media. In violation of the Art. 25 of
the law "On Press and Other Media," which
stipulates that "selling an edition of periodical
printed materials by retail shall not be subject to
limitations," Belpochta [Belarusian Post Service],
a state-owned monopoly, refused to include Borisovskie
Novosti (Borisov News), local independent newspaper
with circulation of 15,000 copies, in the subscription
lists of the post offices for second half of the year
2001, although the paper had paid the listing fee for.
Anatoly Bukas, newspaper's editor-in-chief, said that
the local authorities refuse to re-register the paper
and prohibited local grocery stores from distributing
it. In March, 2001, the State Committee for Financial
Investigation and the Borisov city tax inspection conducted
an unspecified examination of the printing equipment
and documents of Borisovskie Novosti, confiscated cash
book and some other accounging documents, and filed
an official report. Bukas links the inspection and the
failure to include the paper in the subscription lists
to the fact that Borisov was recently flooded with leaflets
about the regime's infringements on the right of Belarusians
citizens to change their government and its failure
to hold free, fair, equal, accountable, and transparent
parliamentary election. (Viasna Human Rights Center,
June 29)
TWO
LOCAL ZUBR ACTIVISTS BEATEN BY FASCISTS
On
June 21, Tatiana and Marina Yasyuk, both members of
the Borisov branch, Minsk Region, of the youth movement
Zubr, were attacked at night by teenage members of the
Russian National Unity (RNU), a Russian nationalistic
movement, reported Viasna Human Rights Center. The girls
filed a complaint with local police. In retaliation,
at approximately 10:00 p.m. on June 23, Tatiana, 16,
was beaten unconscious and suffered severe bodily injures.
(Viasna Human Rights Center, June 27)
ZUBR
ACTIVISTS AROUSE CONSCIENCE OF MINSK POLICE
On
June 28-29, seventeen Zubr activists were detained in
Minsk while distributing a special issue of Nasha Svaboda,
an independent newspaper, dedicated to the forthcoming
presidential elections. The issue also contained an
interview with Dmitry Petrushkevich and Oleg Sluchek,
two investigators from the Prosecutor General's Office,
who have accused the Lukashenko regime of forming a
death squad to murder its political opponents. Instead
of filling police reports, confiscating copies of the
newspaper, and charging the activists with common in
this case "violation of rules of public sanitation"
under Art. 143, par 3 of the Belarusian Administrative
Code, the law-enforcers demonstrated genuine interest
in the paper's contents and asked for extra copies to
"share with colleagues." http://www.zubr-belarus.com/
PA
AD HOC WORKING GROUP ON BELARUS TO VISIT MINSK
Urban
Ahlin (MP, Sweden) and Uta Zapf (MP, Germany), two members
of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly's Ad hoc Working
Group on Belarus, will visit Minsk on June 30-July 2.
The delegation plans to meet with representatives of
the Belarusian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Presidential
Administration, members of the National Assembly, deputies
of the disbanded by Lukashenko 13th Supreme Soviet,
representatives of the Advisory Council of Opposition
Political Parties, the Belarusian media, human rights
groups and diplomatic missions.
(OSCE, June 28)
-AT HOME IN BELARUS-
RUSSIAN
PATRIARCH JOINS LUKASHENKO URGING SLAVS' SPIRITUAL RENEWAL
On
June 27, Russian Orthodox Patriarch Alexis II and Alexander
Lukashenko urged Russians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians
to remain united in the Orthodox faith to resist Western
expansion and the temptation of division and discord
on religious, ethnic and political grounds, reported
Interfax. "The Slav people would never accept the
cult of force, of self-destruction, of lack of morals
that permeates the Western way of life, which they are
trying to impose on us," they said, adding that
"the Slavs must understand that without Orthodoxy
they will no longer be themselves." The union of
Russia and Belarus may serve as an example of Slavic
fraternity, Lukashenko and Alexis II said in a joint
statement. The Russian Orthodox Church retains its unity
despite the borders dividing the three countries, said
the patriarch. It has always backed the Russia-Belarus
Union and we shall keep supporting initiatives conducive
to unification, he added. The call came as Pope John
Paul II finished a five day visit to Ukraine amid allegations
that Catholics were proselytizing in the heartland of
the Orthodox faith.
Lukashenko
handed over to Alexis II the gold- and silver-thread
banners, embellished with enameling and precious stones,
which cost 118.4 million BYR (about $85,000) allocated
from the presidential reserve fund, for the Cathedral
of Christ the Savior in Moscow. "The warmth of
the Belarusian people's attitudes means a major inspiration
to my heart," said Alexis II on his departure from
Belarus. In his return, the patriarch decorated Leonid
Yerin, chair of the Committee for State Security (KGB),
and some other high-ranking KGB officials with the Order
of Apostle Grand Duke Vladimir for "decisive implementation
of the Belarusian government's policy of spiritual development
of the nation."
[According
to the Belarusian State Committee on Religions and Nationalities,
as of January 1, 2000, over 2,500 religious communities
and parishes belonging to different confessions were
registered in Belarus. Among them were 1,139 Russian
Orthodox, 862 Protestant, 405 roman Catholic, several
Uniate, Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox, Jewish and
Muslim communities. The Belarusian Constitution provides
for a multi-confessional state and a neutral attitude
towards all registered denominations acting within the
framework of the legislation. This, however has not
stopped the Lukashenko government from strongly supporting
the Belarus Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church
and restricting the activities of Protestants, Catholics,
and other minorities.-Ed.]. (Interfax, June 27)
HOW
LUKASHENKO CARES ABOUT BELARUSIAN KIDS
About
30,000 Belarusian children live in homes for the disabled
and other orphanages. The institutions are poorly funded,
and few can afford to buy diapers or decent clothes.
The forgotten children of the Cherven orphanage are
luckier then others because they are often visited by
Brother Liam O'Meara, head of the Burren Chernobyl Project,
Ireland-based NGO, which began providing aid to Belarusians
after the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster. The institution,
which is a little over 70 kilometers (40 miles) from
Minsk, is home to 250 children, more than twice the
number it was built for. Surrounded by concrete walls
with peeling green paint, the children, ages 4 to 18,
with Down syndrome and other disabilities are given
scant attention and stimulation, practically never have
a chance to function independently. Only 20 of them
are considered intelligent enough to attend the orphanage's
school. In the orphanage's "lying-down" room,
about 25 severely disabled children have never been
taught to walk and are confined to their cots. Few of
them are capable of saying their names or eating without
assistance. The sharp smell of urine pervades the room,
where boys and girls of all ages are kept together.
The older boys wear rough wool coats discarded by the
army. Some of the aid sent by the Irish volunteers never
seemed to reach the children. Yevgeny Mitsut, employee
of the Belarusian Social Welfare Ministry, acknowledged
that some aid is stolen by orphanage workers, who are
paid the equivalent of $20-30 a month. (Belaruskaya
Delovaya Gazeta, June 6)
************************************************************************
For daily updates, visit our partners website, Charter
97, www.charter97.org with news in Belarusian, Russian,
and English.
************************************************************************
The Belarus Update is a regular news bulletin of the
Belarus Human Rights Support Project of the International
League for Human Rights. The League, now in its 60th
year, is New York-based human rights NGO in consultative
status with the United Nations.
The
Belarus project was established to support Belarusian
citizens in making their cases before the U.S. government
and public and international fora and intergovernmental
organizations regarding Alexander Lukashenko's wholesale
assault on human rights and the rule of law in Belarus.
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